دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: a U-shaped tube. v: to cause fluids to flow in a U-tube without adding an outside force. For example, heavy mud in the drill stem will force light mud in the annulus to flow.

a fluid flow path that has a low spot. In a well, the U-tube is represented by the tubing and the annulus with the bottom of tubing as the low spot. Where two different density fluids are involved, the effect is that the lower density fluid will be pushed

n: the amount by which a tank or a vessel is short of being full, especially on ships. Ullage in a tank is necessary to allow space for the expansion of the oil in the tank when the temperature increases. Also called outage.

n: (ULCC) a supertanker whose capacity is 500,000 dead- weight tons or more. Compare very large crude carrier.

n: flowmeter used (1) to measure transit times of an acoustic pressure wave with and against the flow (time- of-flight-type meter) to infer pipeline velocity or (2) to reflect sonic energy from scatterers in fluid back to a receiver (Doppler-type meter) to measure volumetric flow rate.

a process using ultraviolet (UV) light to kill bacteria and viruses.

n: light waves shorter than the visible blue violet waves of the spectrum. Crude oil, colored distillates, residuum, a few drilling fluid additives, and certain minerals and chemicals fluoresce in the presence of ultraviolet light. These sub- stances, when present in mud, may cause the mud to fluoresce.

upper master valve.

n: The unalterable objective element that affect the rate of drilling and cost in optimum parameter drilling ,for example ,geologic condition,strata behavior and burial depth.

a reflection of the measured or perceived possible range of outcomes associated with an event or process. Uncertainty can be expressed as deterministic quantitative value, a qualitative value, or as a probability distribution that combines a range of quan

hydrocarbon from unconventional and more difficult to produce resources such as (hydrocarbon): shale gas, shale oil, heavy and viscous oil, hydrates, tight gas, etc.